See dupek on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰowp-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰewp-"
],
[
"*daupāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/daupāˀ"
],
[
"*dupa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dupa"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"*-ъkъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъkъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Old_Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "dupa",
"4": "-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*daupāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dupek\">\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "dupek m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "dupki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"asshole (mean or rude person)"
],
"id": "en-dupek-pl-noun-NTageiei",
"links": [
[
"asshole",
"asshole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive or Zagórze) asshole (mean or rude person)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 41 23 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 57 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 50 28 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 66 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 69 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 74 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 70 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 70 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 73 6 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 60 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 58 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 76 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 82 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 58 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 47 13 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 67 20 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "pl:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 32 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"schmuck (poor schmuck or lost soul)"
],
"id": "en-dupek-pl-noun-i40tmCwg",
"links": [
[
"schmuck",
"schmuck"
]
],
"qualifier": "sympathetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(sympathetic) schmuck (poor schmuck or lost soul)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰowp-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰewp-"
],
[
"*daupāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/daupāˀ"
],
[
"*dupa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dupa"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"*-ъkъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъkъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Old_Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "dupa",
"4": "-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*daupāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dupek\">\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "dupek m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Łowicz Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 29 57 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Łowicz Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "jack of clubs",
"text": "dupek krajcowy (Zagórze)",
"translation": "jack of clubs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jack (card)"
],
"id": "en-dupek-pl-noun-UVjRWeyO",
"links": [
[
"jack",
"jack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze) jack (card)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"dialectal",
"masculine",
"vulgar",
"Łowicz"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "dupek f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dupka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of dupka"
],
"id": "en-dupek-pl-noun-CH4NGv7p",
"links": [
[
"dupka",
"dupka#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewp-",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"pl:Card games",
"pl:Male people",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰowp-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰewp-"
],
[
"*daupāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/daupāˀ"
],
[
"*dupa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dupa"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"*-ъkъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъkъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Old_Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "dupa",
"4": "-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*daupāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dupek\">\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "dupek m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "dupki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish offensive terms",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"asshole (mean or rude person)"
],
"links": [
[
"asshole",
"asshole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive or Zagórze) asshole (mean or rude person)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"schmuck (poor schmuck or lost soul)"
],
"links": [
[
"schmuck",
"schmuck"
]
],
"qualifier": "sympathetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(sympathetic) schmuck (poor schmuck or lost soul)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewp-",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"pl:Card games",
"pl:Male people",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰowp-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰewp-"
],
[
"*daupāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/daupāˀ"
],
[
"*dupa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dupa"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-kъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"*-ъkъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъkъ#Proto-Slavic:_nominal"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Old_Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
],
[
"dupa",
"dupa#Polish"
],
[
"-ek",
"-ek#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "dupa",
"4": "-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*daupāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"dupek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"dupek\">\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ\nProto-Slavic *dupa\nPolish dupa\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nPolish dupek\nFrom dupa + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "dupek m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish vulgarities",
"Zagórze Polish",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "jack of clubs",
"text": "dupek krajcowy (Zagórze)",
"translation": "jack of clubs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jack (card)"
],
"links": [
[
"jack",
"jack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze) jack (card)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"dialectal",
"masculine",
"vulgar",
"Łowicz"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk/2 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"pl:Card games",
"pl:Male people",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "dupek f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧pek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"du‧pek"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dupka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of dupka"
],
"links": [
[
"dupka",
"dupka#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.pɛk]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "dupek"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dupek meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: offensive or Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: offensive or Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: vulgar or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Łowicz, Strugienice, Zagórze",
"path": [
"dupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dupek",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.